Until it starts producing on its own, the fetus is largely dependent on the mother for the supply of several substances, including thyroid hormones. The thyroid hormones include TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone), T3, and T4/FT4. (FT4 is free T4, which is not bound to protein). TSH is produced in the
Read MoreThe negative effects of maternal cigarette consumption have been studied for a long time. Smoking during pregnancy mainly damages the infant’s cardiovascular function and overall growth. In both scenarios, the repercussions are
Some studies have shown that babies who are small for their gestational age have higher cardiovascular health risks than those born with adequate weight and height. Some experts encourage measures that promote