Until it starts producing on its own, the fetus is largely dependent on the mother for the supply of several substances, including thyroid hormones. The thyroid hormones include TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone), T3, and T4/FT4. (FT4 is free T4, which is not bound to protein). TSH is produced in the
Read MoreAn allergy to cow’s milk protein is the main cause of childhood food allergies and is a predictive factor for other immunological diseases, such as rhinitis and asthma. Furthermore, previous studies have
The negative effects of maternal cigarette consumption have been studied for a long time. Smoking during pregnancy mainly damages the infant’s cardiovascular function and overall growth. In both scenarios, the repercussions are